A Mshengu chemical toilet in Makhaza.
A collection site for portable flush toilet (PFT) waste containers in Makhaza.
A number marks each waste container, linking it to a household.
One criticism of the PFT is that is does not provide individuals with privacy.
Because of odor, some families choose to keep PFTs outdoors.
Each flush of the PFT requires the addition of several liters of water, which most families Makaza collect from shared spigots.
A broken and discarded portable flush toilet.
A girl brings water back to her home.
Around 300 people, many of them residents of Khayelitsha, marched to the Civic Centre in a call for improved sanitation on June 25.
The Social Justice Coalition, the group responsible for the May 2013 social audit condemning current sanitation services in Khayelitsha, organised the march.
Protesters demanded a sanitation plan within two weeks and a start to implementation within two months.
Lwandiso Stofile, a representative from the mayor’s office, accepted a paper detailing protestors’ demands. Mayor de Lille was not in attendance.